Home›Materials›Science›Disaster Management – Unit IV: Earthquakes & Seismic Retrofitting
About this material
Complete Disaster Management Unit IV notes covering Earthquakes, Plate Tectonics, Faults, Seismic Waves, Earthquake Magnitude and Intensity, Epicenter, Energy Release, Ground Motions, and Earthquake Effects. The material explains ground shaking, surface rupture, liquefaction, landslides, and their effects on buildings and infrastructure.
The unit also covers building performance during past earthquakes, collapse patterns of different structures, earthquake case studies of Bhuj (2001), Nepal (2015), and Kobe (1995), and lessons learned from these events.
It further explains Seismic Retrofitting, including its objectives, need, jacketing, shear walls, bracing systems, base isolation, FRP wrapping, crack repair, mass reduction, foundation strengthening, and strengthening of masonry buildings. The notes also cover weaknesses in existing buildings, aging, repair, restoration, and seismic strengthening.
